Main components of Pinellia ternata

Main components of Pinellia ternata

Fifteen compounds were isolated from Pinellia ternata, which were chrysophanol, succinic acid, n-hexadecanoic acid-1-glyceride, 3-o- (6'-o-palmitoyl)- β- D-glucopyranosyl) stigma-5-ene, p-dihydroxyphenol, hydroxymethyl furfural, o-dihydroxyphenol and β- Sitosterol, carotene.

Medicinal value of Pinellia ternata

Main indications of Pinellia ternata function

Dry dampness and remove phlegm, reduce inversion and stop vomiting, eliminate ruffian and loose knot. It is used for cough and asthma due to excessive phlegm, dizzy palpitation due to phlegm, wind phlegm dizziness, sputum syncope headache, vomiting and nausea, chest and epigastric stuffiness and plum kernel Qi; External treatment of carbuncle, swelling and phlegm nuclei.  

Pharmacological action of Pinellia ternate

Respiratory system function

1. Antitussive: alkaloids in Pinellia ternate can inhibit cough center to produce antitussive effect. The decoction of raw Pinellia ternata, ginger Pinellia ternata and French Pinellia ternata by intravenous injection has obvious antitussive effect on the cough caused by cat iodine solution injected into the chest or electrical stimulation of superior laryngeal nerve. The antitussive effect of 0.6g/kg is close to that of codeine 1mg/kg.

2. Expectorant: intraperitoneal injection of Pinellia ternata Decoction in rats can significantly inhibit the secretion of pilocarpine on saliva. The ethanol extracts of raw and clear Pinellia ternata were given to mice by gavage. The phenol red method showed that the ethanol extracts of clear Pinellia ternata had certain expectorant effect, but raw Pinellia ternata had no obvious effect. Zoujilong et al. Showed that the longer the storage time of Pinellia ternata, the stronger the expectorant effect.

Digestive system function

1. Antiemetic and emetic: the preparation of Pinellia ternata can activate vagal efferent activity and have antiemetic effect. The birth of Pinellia ternata can "halberd people's throat" and "make people vomit". Pinellia ternata can prolong the incubation period of vomiting in dogs caused by copper sulfate or prevent vomiting, and can antagonize the vomiting in dogs with subcutaneous injection of morphine hydrochloride. This effect is not affected by Chuanwu.

2. Anti ulcer effect: the decoction of Pinellia ternata can reduce the secretion of gastric juice, reduce the free acidity and total acidity of gastric juice, inhibit pepsin activity, protect gastric mucosa and promote the repair of gastric mucosa. It has the effect of anti pyloric ligation ulcer, indomethacin ulcer and stress ulcer in rats.

3. Effects on liver and gall: Pinellia ternata can promote the bile secretion of rabbits, increase the level of corticosterone in the blood of mice, enhance the induction of corticosterone on liver lysine aminotransferase, and increase the activity of liver lysine aminotransferase.

Circulation system function

1. Antiarrhythmic effect: intravenous injection of Pinellia ternata extract in dogs can rapidly eliminate ventricular premature beats caused by barium chloride without recurrence, and the effective rate is 97%. The effective rate was 96%.

2. Anticoagulant effect: Pinellia ternate can significantly reduce triglyceride and low density lipoprotein, reduce whole blood viscosity, inhibit red blood cell aggregation and improve red blood cell deformability. Pinellia ternata protein is the only known lectin protein that only binds to mannitol but not glucose. It has specific hemagglutination activity with rabbit erythrocytes, and the concentration is as low as 12 μ G/ml still has agglutination. In addition, Pinellia ternata protein also has agglutination effect on red blood cells of sheep, dogs, cats, guinea pigs, rats, mice and pigeons, but has no agglutination effect on red blood cells of human, monkeys, pigs, chickens, ducks, toads, etc. It is suggested that the cell agglutination of Pinellia ternata protein is not only specific to animal species, but also specific to cell types.

Antitumor activity

It has been reported that Pinellia ternata has a good effect in the treatment of esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, tongue cancer, skin cancer and malignant lymphoma. Pinellia ternata extract has certain inhibitory effects on HeLa cells, mouse experimental tumor 180, HCA solid tumor (liver cancer) and U14 (squamous epithelial cervical cancer transplanted in mice). Pinellia ternata total alkaloids have inhibitory effect on chronic myeloid leukemia cells (K562), which can damage the morphology of suspended K562 cells and inhibit their proliferation.

The polysaccharide extracted from Pinellia ternata has strong activation activity of reticuloendothelial system, can enhance the phagocytosis and secretion of reticuloendothelial system, and inhibit the occurrence and proliferation of tumor. The polysaccharide from Pinellia ternata extracted with methanol has the ability to induce polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It is speculated that Pinellia ternata may be a cellular reaction that leads to tumor destruction by activating polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Qinzhifeng et al. Used Jinlongshe oral liquid and Shenmai injection to treat 35 patients with advanced gastric cancer. Results the physical strength index and natural killer (NK) cell activity of the patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine increased significantly, and the tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen C (CEA) and gastric cancer antigen (CA199) of the two groups also decreased to some extent compared with those before treatment.