Lansium parasiticum Uses

Lansium parasiticum is mainly cultivated for its fruit, which is eaten raw.Fruit can also be packed in syrup.The wood is hard, thick, and resilient, and is used in the construction of rural houses.Some parts of the plant are used in the manufacture of traditional medicines.The bitter seeds can be crushed and mixed with water to make a deworming and ulcer remedy.The bark was used to treat dysentery and malaria; powdered bark was also used to treat scorpion stings.The peel is used to treat diarrhea, and in the Philippines, the dried peel is used as a mosquito repellant.The skin, especially of the langsat variety, can be dried and burned as incense.The largest producers of Lansium parasiticum are Indonesia,Thailand, Philippines, and Malaysia.The products are mainly for domestic consumption, and some are exported to Singapore, Hong Kong and Kuwait.

Chinese herbology 

Chinese herbology (Simplified Chinese: 中药学; Traditional Chinese: 中药学; pinyin: zhōngyào xué) is the doctrine of traditional Chinese herbal medicine, which accounts for the majority of TCM treatments.An editorial in the journal Nature described TCM as "full of pseudoscience" and said the most obvious reason for TCM's failure to offer a wide range of treatments is that most of its treatments have no logical mechanism of action.The term herbalism is misleading because while plant elements are by far the most commonly used substances, animal, human and mineral products are also used, some of which are poisonous.In the Huangdi Neijing, they are called poisons (pinyin: dúyào), which means toxin, poison or medicine. Paul U.Unschuld points out that this is similar to the etymology of the Greek pharmakon, hence his use of the term "pharmaceutic".Therefore, the term "medicine" (rather than medicinal herb) is usually preferred as the translation of 药 (pinyin: yào). Research on the effectiveness of traditional Chinese herbal remedies is of poor quality and often subject to bias,with little or no rigorous evidence of efficacy.Concerns have been raised about many potentially toxic Chinese herbal medicines.

Preparations

Decoction

Typically, a batch of medicine is a decoction of about 9 to 18 substances.Some of these are considered primary herbs and some as auxiliary herbs; within auxiliary herbs, up to three classes can be distinguished.Some ingredients are added to counteract the toxicity or side effects of the main ingredients; most importantly, some drugs require the use of other substances as catalysts.

Chinese patent medicine

Chinese patent medicine (Chinese patent medicine; Chinese patent medicine; zhōngchéng yào) is a traditional Chinese medicine. They are standardized herbal formulas.Since ancient times, pills have been made by mixing several herbs and other ingredients together, drying them and grinding them into powder.They are then mixed with a binder and made into pills by hand.The binder is traditionally honey.However, modern tea pills are extracted in stainless steel extractors and made into water or hydroalcoholic decoctions depending on the herbs used.They are extracted at low temperature (less than 100 degrees Celsius) to preserve the essential ingredients.The extracted liquid is then further concentrated and some raw herbal powder from one of the herbal ingredients is mixed together to form the herbal dough.The dough is then machine cut into small pieces, a small amount of excipients added to achieve a smooth and consistent appearance, and they are spun into pills.

These drugs are not patented in the traditional sense.No one has exclusive rights to the recipe.In contrast, "patents" refer to the standardization of formulations.In China, all Chinese patent medicines with the same name will have the same proportion of ingredients and be produced according to the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China stipulated by law.However, in Western countries, the proportion of ingredients in the same-name medicine may be different, or even completely different.Several herbal medicine manufacturers are conducting FDA clinical trials to market their products as medicines in the U.S. and European markets.

Chinese herbal extracts

Chinese herbal extracts are herbal decoctions that are concentrated into granule or powder form. Herbal extracts, similar to off-the-shelf medicines, are easier and more convenient for patients to take.The industry extraction standard is 5:1, that is, for every five pounds of raw materials, one pound of herbal extract is extracted.